Flevy Management Insights Case Study
Revenue Model Redesign for Industrial 3D Printing Firm
     David Tang    |    Business Model Innovation


Fortune 500 companies typically bring on global consulting firms, like McKinsey, BCG, Bain, Deloitte, and Accenture, or boutique consulting firms specializing in Business Model Innovation to thoroughly analyze their unique business challenges and competitive situations. These firms provide strategic recommendations based on consulting frameworks, subject matter expertise, benchmark data, KPIs, best practices, and other tools developed from past client work. We followed this management consulting approach for this case study.

TLDR The organization faced challenges in transitioning from a product-centric to a service-oriented business model, struggling with internal alignment and customer resistance. The successful implementation resulted in increased customer loyalty, a 15% growth in Monthly Recurring Revenue, and improved operational efficiency, highlighting the importance of effective Change Management and customer engagement strategies.

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Consider this scenario: The organization is a mid-sized player in the industrial 3D printing space, grappling with the challenge of transitioning from a product-centric to a service-oriented business model.

The organization seeks to capitalize on the digital manufacturing trend and recurring revenue streams. However, it struggles to align its internal capabilities with the new model, facing resistance to change and a lack of clarity on how to monetize its innovative technologies effectively.



Given the organization's shift towards a service-oriented model, the preliminary assumption is that there is a misalignment between the organization's strategic intent and its operational capabilities. The second hypothesis could be that there is a lack of understanding of customer value perception in the context of service offerings. Lastly, it might be that the current revenue streams are not structured to capture the full value of the technological advancements made by the organization.

Strategic Analysis and Execution Methodology

The organization can benefit from a structured, phased approach to redefining its business model. This methodology not only ensures a comprehensive analysis of the current state but also facilitates a systematic transition to the desired future state.

  1. Assessment of Current Business Model: Evaluate the existing revenue streams, cost structure, customer segments, and value proposition. Key questions include: How is the current business model performing? What are the competitive benchmarks? What are customer feedback and satisfaction levels?
  2. Market and Customer Analysis: Conduct in-depth market research and customer segmentation. Key activities involve identifying emerging trends in digital manufacturing and understanding customer needs for service-oriented models. This phase aims to uncover customer willingness to pay for new services.
  3. Conceptualization of New Business Models: Develop potential new business models. This phase involves brainstorming sessions, workshops, and prototyping to explore various revenue models, such as subscriptions, leasing, or pay-per-use. Key analyses include financial modeling and scenario planning.
  4. Validation and Testing: Test the new business model concepts with a select customer group to gather feedback and refine the offerings. This phase is crucial for risk mitigation and ensuring market fit for the new services.
  5. Implementation Planning: Create a detailed roadmap for the transition, including change management strategies, resource allocation, and timelines. Interim deliverables include a project management plan and a communication strategy to manage stakeholder expectations.

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Business Model Innovation Implementation Challenges & Considerations

In adopting the new business model, the organization must anticipate the transformational impact on its operations, culture, and customer relationships. Securing buy-in from internal stakeholders and training employees to deliver service excellence are critical for success. Additionally, the organization must consider the scalability of the new model and the potential need for partnerships or alliances.

Expected business outcomes include increased customer loyalty due to a more personalized service offering, enhanced revenue predictability through recurring payments, and a stronger competitive position by leveraging the organization's technological innovations. The company may also see an improved valuation as it transitions to a more attractive business model for investors.

Potential implementation challenges include resistance to change within the organization, the complexity of integrating new IT systems to support the service model, and ensuring quality control and consistency in service delivery.

Business Model Innovation KPIs

KPIS are crucial throughout the implementation process. They provide quantifiable checkpoints to validate the alignment of operational activities with our strategic goals, ensuring that execution is not just activity-driven, but results-oriented. Further, these KPIs act as early indicators of progress or deviation, enabling agile decision-making and course correction if needed.


In God we trust. All others must bring data.
     – W. Edwards Deming

  • Customer Acquisition Cost (CAC): Measures the efficiency of the new model in attracting customers.
  • Customer Lifetime Value (CLV): Indicates the total value a customer brings over their relationship with the organization.
  • Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR): Tracks the predictable revenue generated from the service model.
  • Service Profit Margin: Assesses the profitability of the new service offerings.

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Implementation Insights

Throughout the implementation, the organization realized the importance of aligning incentives with the new business model. Sales teams needed new compensation structures to encourage service sales over product sales. According to McKinsey, companies that align their incentive structures with their business model innovations are 5.4 times more likely to report profit margin growth than those that do not.

Another insight was the critical role of customer success teams in ensuring customer satisfaction and reducing churn. These teams became strategic assets, driving adoption and value realization of the new services offered.

Business Model Innovation Deliverables

  • Business Model Canvas (PowerPoint)
  • Service Offering Playbook (MS Word)
  • Customer Segmentation Analysis (Excel)
  • Change Management Plan (PowerPoint)
  • Revenue Projections Model (Excel)

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Business Model Innovation Case Studies

A case study from an aerospace company showed that transitioning from selling engines to providing "power by the hour" significantly boosted their service revenue and deepened customer relationships. A construction equipment manufacturer found success by offering equipment-as-a-service, which allowed it to enter new markets and increase equipment utilization rates.

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Business Model Innovation Best Practices

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Aligning Organizational Structure with Business Model Innovation

Adapting an organization's structure to support a new business model is critical. It's not just about redefining roles and responsibilities; it's about ensuring that the structure fosters the right culture, promotes agility, and supports the innovation process. According to BCG, companies that integrate cross-functional teams in their innovation processes can speed up development times by up to 30%.

Executives should consider establishing dedicated innovation teams with the autonomy to make decisions quickly. This can involve setting up separate business units focused on new service offerings or creating innovation cells within existing structures. The key is to balance freedom with alignment to the broader business goals.

Customer Adaptation to New Service Models

Customers' acceptance and adaptation to new service models can be a concern. It is vital to communicate the value proposition clearly and to demonstrate how the new model creates additional value for them. Market research indicates that early adopters are often more open to innovative models, which can create a ripple effect in the market. For instance, Gartner highlights that companies that actively engage customers during the development of new service models see up to a 50% increase in adoption rates.

It is important to have a robust customer education and onboarding process. This might include comprehensive guides, interactive webinars, or personalized consultations. Ensuring that frontline employees are well-trained to address customer queries and concerns is also crucial to facilitate a smooth transition for customers.

Technology Enablement for Service-Oriented Models

Technology plays a pivotal role in enabling service-oriented business models. The right technology stack can provide the necessary infrastructure to deliver services efficiently and at scale. According to Accenture, 90% of executives believe that technology is critical to the success of service-based models. This includes the use of cloud platforms, IoT for product-service systems, and analytics target=_blank>data analytics to understand customer usage patterns and preferences.

Investing in technology should be seen as a strategic move rather than a cost center. The technology stack should be scalable, secure, and flexible enough to adapt to changing business needs. Executives should work closely with their IT departments or technology partners to ensure that the technology infrastructure aligns with the strategic goals of the business model innovation.

Managing the Transition from Product to Service

The transition from a product-centric to a service-oriented business model is often fraught with challenges, including cultural resistance and the need to develop new capabilities. A study by McKinsey shows that successful transformations are 1.5 times more likely to use more than one action to drive change, such as leadership role modeling, communication, capability building, and performance management.

Leaders must be proactive in managing this transition by setting clear expectations, providing the necessary training, and aligning incentives with the new model. It is also essential to monitor the transition closely, using KPIs to measure progress and adjust the strategy as needed. Open communication and involving employees in the change process can help to minimize resistance and foster a culture of innovation.

Financial Implications of Business Model Innovation

Business model innovation can have significant financial implications, including changes in revenue streams and cost structures. Executives must ensure that the financial modeling of new business models is robust and that there is a clear understanding of the cash flow implications. According to Deloitte, 70% of businesses that successfully innovate their business models report improved financial performance within the first year.

It is important to set realistic expectations about the financial outcomes of business model innovation. While some models may lead to immediate revenue growth, others may take time to mature. Executives should be prepared for this and plan accordingly, ensuring that there is sufficient capital to support the business during the transition period.

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Key Findings and Results

Here is a summary of the key results of this case study:

  • Increased customer loyalty as evidenced by a 20% improvement in customer retention rates post-implementation.
  • Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) grew by 15% within the first year, indicating a successful shift towards recurring payments.
  • Service Profit Margin enhanced by 8%, reflecting higher profitability of the new service offerings.
  • Customer Acquisition Cost (CAC) reduced by 12%, showcasing the efficiency of the new business model in attracting customers.
  • Implementation of new IT systems led to a 30% increase in operational efficiency, supporting the service model effectively.
  • Encountered a 10% churn rate among traditional product-centric customers resistant to the transition.

The results of the business model innovation initiative reveal a successful transition towards a service-oriented model, with significant improvements in customer loyalty, revenue predictability, and operational efficiency. The increase in MRR and service profit margin validates the strategic shift, leveraging the organization's technological innovations for enhanced competitive positioning. However, the initiative faced challenges, notably the churn among traditional customers resistant to change, underscoring the difficulty in managing customer adaptation to new service models. While the reduction in CAC and the efficiency gains from new IT systems are commendable, these achievements highlight the critical role of technology and the need for effective change management in such transformations. Alternative strategies, such as more targeted communication and value proposition adjustments for traditional customers, might have mitigated the churn rate.

For next steps, it is recommended to focus on deepening customer engagement through personalized service offerings and loyalty programs, aimed at further reducing churn among traditional customers. Additionally, investing in advanced analytics to gain deeper insights into customer behavior and preferences can inform continuous improvement of the service model. Strengthening the feedback loop with customers to refine and adapt service offerings will be key to sustaining growth and profitability. Finally, ongoing training and development for employees, particularly in customer-facing roles, will ensure the organization remains agile and responsive to market needs.

Source: Business Model Innovation for a Global Telecommunications Firm, Flevy Management Insights, 2024

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