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Flevy Management Insights Case Study
Value-Based Management (VBM) Strategy in Aerospace


There are countless scenarios that require Value Based Management. Fortune 500 companies typically bring on global consulting firms, like McKinsey, BCG, Bain, Deloitte, and Accenture, or boutique consulting firms specializing in Value Based Management to thoroughly analyze their unique business challenges and competitive situations. These firms provide strategic recommendations based on consulting frameworks, subject matter expertise, benchmark data, best practices, and other tools developed from past client work. Let us analyze the following scenario.

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Consider this scenario: The organization, a leading aerospace component manufacturer, is grappling with Value Based Management issues.

Despite being at the forefront of technological innovation in its sector, the organization has noticed a significant lag in its ability to translate these advancements into shareholder value. With a complex product lifecycle and high R&D costs, the company seeks to refine its Value Based Management practices to better align with its strategic goals and improve financial performance.



In reviewing the organization's situation, initial hypotheses might suggest that the root causes for the business challenges could include a misalignment between the company's strategic objectives and its performance measurement systems, inefficient capital allocation, and inadequate communication of value creation strategies to stakeholders.

Strategic Analysis and Execution

Adopting a robust Value Based Management methodology will be paramount to addressing the organization's challenges. This structured process, commonly utilized by leading consulting firms, ensures that all aspects of the company's operations are geared towards maximizing shareholder value.

  1. Assessment and Alignment: Begin by evaluating the current state of Value Based Management practices within the organization. Key questions include: How is value currently measured and managed? Are the strategic objectives aligned with the Value Based Management framework? Activities include stakeholder interviews, financial performance analysis, and strategic objective reviews.
  2. Value Driver Identification: Identify and prioritize the key value drivers specific to the aerospace industry. Questions to explore: What are the critical factors that influence value creation? How can these be measured and monitored? This phase involves benchmarking, value driver modeling, and establishing a Value Based Management scorecard.
  3. Process Optimization: Streamline processes that directly impact value drivers. This includes reengineering key processes, adopting leading practices, and leveraging technology to enhance efficiency. Key analyses revolve around process mapping, waste identification, and capability assessment.
  4. Performance Management System Design: Develop a comprehensive performance management system that ties compensation and incentives to value creation. This phase focuses on designing balanced scorecards, key performance indicators (KPIs), and incentive structures aligned with Value Based Management principles.
  5. Implementation and Change Management: Execute the new Value Based Management framework with a focus on change management to ensure adoption. Activities include training programs, communication plans, and pilot projects to test the new framework.

Learn more about Change Management Performance Management Balanced Scorecard

For effective implementation, take a look at these Value Based Management best practices:

Value Based Management Tools (55-slide PowerPoint deck)
Value Creation Framework Series: Primer (28-slide PowerPoint deck)
Value Based Management (VBM) (22-slide PowerPoint deck)
Value Creation Framework Series: Direct Levers (31-slide PowerPoint deck)
Value Creation Framework Series: Corporate Center Practices (22-slide PowerPoint deck)
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Implementation Challenges & Considerations

One of the major concerns will be the integration of the new Value Based Management framework into existing processes without disrupting daily operations. The organization must ensure that the transition is smooth and that employees understand the benefits of the new system.

Another question that often arises is how to maintain a balance between short-term financial performance and long-term value creation. The organization should establish clear guidelines and performance metrics that support sustainable growth.

Finally, the organization may be curious about the scalability of the Value Based Management system. It is vital that the framework is flexible enough to accommodate future growth and changes in the aerospace industry.

Upon successful implementation, the organization can expect improved strategic alignment, more efficient capital allocation, and enhanced shareholder communication. These outcomes should lead to a tangible increase in shareholder value and a more robust competitive position in the aerospace industry.

Potential implementation challenges include resistance to change from staff, complexity in aligning new metrics with existing financial systems, and ensuring consistent application of the Value Based Management framework across all divisions and geographies.

Learn more about Shareholder Value Value Creation Value Based Management

Implementation KPIs

KPIS are crucial throughout the implementation process. They provide quantifiable checkpoints to validate the alignment of operational activities with our strategic goals, ensuring that execution is not just activity-driven, but results-oriented. Further, these KPIs act as early indicators of progress or deviation, enabling agile decision-making and course correction if needed.


What you measure is what you get. Senior executives understand that their organization's measurement system strongly affects the behavior of managers and employees.
     – Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton (creators of the Balanced Scorecard)

  • Economic Value Added (EVA): Measures the value created in excess of the required return of the company's shareholders.
  • Return on Invested Capital (ROIC): Assesses how well a company is using its capital to generate profits.
  • Value Gap Analysis: Identifies the difference between market valuation and the intrinsic value of the company.

For more KPIs, take a look at the Flevy KPI Library, one of the most comprehensive databases of KPIs available. Having a centralized library of KPIs saves you significant time and effort in researching and developing metrics, allowing you to focus more on analysis, implementation of strategies, and other more value-added activities.

Learn more about Flevy KPI Library KPI Management Performance Management Balanced Scorecard

Key Takeaways

Value Based Management is not merely a financial metric but a strategic framework that aligns decision-making with the ultimate goal of maximizing shareholder value. It necessitates a cultural shift within the organization to prioritize long-term value creation over short-term financial gains.

Effective communication is crucial in Value Based Management. It ensures that all stakeholders understand how their actions contribute to the overall value of the organization. This transparency can drive better decision-making at all levels of the company.

Technology plays a pivotal role in modern Value Based Management. Advanced analytics and digital tools can provide real-time insights into value drivers, enabling more dynamic and informed decision-making.

Learn more about Maximizing Shareholder Value

Deliverables

  • Value Based Management Framework (PDF)
  • Value Driver Scorecard (Excel)
  • Performance Management System Design (PowerPoint)
  • Change Management Plan (Word)
  • Financial Impact Analysis Report (PDF)

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Value Based Management Best Practices

To improve the effectiveness of implementation, we can leverage best practice documents in Value Based Management. These resources below were developed by management consulting firms and Value Based Management subject matter experts.

Case Studies

One aerospace company implemented a Value Based Management system that resulted in a 15% increase in EVA over a 3-year period. This was achieved by optimizing their product development lifecycle and aligning incentive structures with long-term value creation.

Another case involved an aerospace firm that integrated Value Based Management principles into its strategic planning process, leading to a 20% improvement in ROIC by divesting non-core assets and focusing on high-value segments.

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Aligning Organizational Structure with Value Based Management

Integrating Value Based Management (VBM) into an organization's fabric often requires a reevaluation of the existing structure. An effective VBM framework demands that the organization's structure facilitates, rather than impedes, the flow of information and the alignment of incentives. According to McKinsey, companies that realign their structures to support their strategy can see a 25% improvement in organizational effectiveness. The question of structure is particularly pertinent in the aerospace industry, where siloed departments can create barriers to the cross-functional collaboration necessary for value creation. To align the organizational structure with VBM principles, a company should consider flattening hierarchies to enhance communication, restructuring teams around value creation goals, and ensuring leaders are accountable for value-based outcomes. This might entail creating cross-functional teams focused on key value drivers and aligning performance metrics across different levels of the organization to ensure everyone is working towards the same value-centric goals.

Learn more about Organizational Effectiveness Organizational Structure

Technology's Role in Enhancing Value Based Management

In today's digital age, technology is a critical enabler of VBM. Advanced analytics, machine learning, and AI can provide insights into value drivers and predict future performance, allowing for more informed decision-making. A report by Gartner highlights that by 2023, data and analytics capabilities will become a pivotal competitive asset, driving 30% of market share. In aerospace, where R&D cycles are long and capital investments are substantial, leveraging technology to optimize product development and supply chain processes can significantly impact value. For instance, predictive maintenance can reduce downtime, and simulation software can speed up design processes, thereby improving the ROIC. Moreover, technology can streamline reporting and performance management, making it easier for all stakeholders to track and manage value creation. The integration of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems with VBM tools can ensure that financial and operational data are aligned, providing a single source of truth for decision-making.

Learn more about Supply Chain Machine Learning Enterprise Resource Planning

Sustaining Value Based Management Over the Long Term

Implementing VBM is not a one-time exercise; it requires ongoing commitment and adaptation. As markets evolve and new technologies emerge, the value drivers of today may not be the same as those of tomorrow. Therefore, sustaining VBM over the long term is about building a culture of continuous improvement and adaptability. According to BCG, organizations that embed continuous learning and adaptive practices can enhance their innovation capabilities by up to 10 times . For aerospace companies, this means staying ahead of technological advancements, regulatory changes, and market dynamics. It involves regularly reviewing and adjusting the VBM framework, reassessing value drivers, and ensuring that the performance management system remains relevant and effective. Continuous training and development programs can help embed a value-oriented mindset among employees, ensuring that VBM principles are lived and breathed across the organization. Regular communication from leadership about the importance of value creation can also reinforce the VBM culture and maintain focus on long-term objectives.

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Measuring the Success of Value Based Management Initiatives

Measuring the success of VBM initiatives is critical to ensure they are delivering the intended benefits. While financial metrics such as EVA and ROIC are important, they only tell part of the story. Non-financial metrics related to customer satisfaction, innovation, and employee engagement can provide a more holistic view of value creation. A study by Deloitte found that companies focusing on long-term metrics, including non-financial ones, outperform their peers in revenue and earnings growth. In the aerospace industry, customer satisfaction metrics are particularly important, given the long-term nature of customer relationships and contracts. Innovation metrics such as the number of patents filed or the percentage of revenue from new products can indicate whether R&D efforts are translating into value. Employee engagement scores can also be a leading indicator of long-term value creation, as engaged employees are more likely to contribute to innovation and efficiency improvements. By tracking a balanced set of financial and non-financial metrics, aerospace companies can get a comprehensive view of their VBM efforts and make necessary adjustments to drive continuous improvement.

Learn more about Employee Engagement Customer Satisfaction

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Key Findings and Results

Here is a summary of the key results of this case study:

  • Implemented a Value Based Management framework leading to a 15% improvement in Economic Value Added (EVA) metrics within the first year.
  • Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) increased by 8%, reflecting more efficient use of capital in generating profits.
  • Value Gap Analysis revealed a 20% reduction in the discrepancy between market valuation and intrinsic value, indicating improved investor perception.
  • Introduction of advanced analytics and AI led to a 30% increase in efficiency in R&D and supply chain processes.
  • Restructuring around value creation goals resulted in a 25% improvement in organizational effectiveness, as per McKinsey's benchmarks.
  • Customer satisfaction scores rose by 10%, attributed to more aligned product development and innovation efforts.

The initiative to implement a Value Based Management (VBM) framework within the aerospace component manufacturer has been notably successful. The significant improvements in both financial metrics, such as EVA and ROIC, and non-financial metrics, like customer satisfaction, underscore the effectiveness of the VBM approach. The reduction in the value gap analysis further indicates that the market's perception of the company's value has improved, likely due to clearer communication of value creation strategies to stakeholders and more efficient capital allocation. The integration of technology, particularly advanced analytics and AI, has been a key enabler in optimizing processes and enhancing decision-making. However, the journey was not without its challenges, including resistance to change and the complexity of aligning new metrics with existing systems. An alternative strategy could have involved a more phased approach to implementation, allowing for gradual adjustment and minimizing disruption.

For next steps, it is recommended that the company continues to refine and adapt its VBM framework in response to evolving market conditions and emerging value drivers. This includes regular reviews of value drivers and performance metrics to ensure they remain relevant and aligned with strategic goals. Further investment in technology, especially in predictive analytics and machine learning, can enhance foresight and decision-making capabilities. Additionally, fostering a culture of continuous improvement and adaptability will be crucial for sustaining VBM principles over the long term. Continuous training and development programs should be expanded to embed a value-oriented mindset across all levels of the organization.

Source: Value-Based Management (VBM) Strategy in Aerospace, Flevy Management Insights, 2024

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