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Flevy Management Insights Case Study
Restructuring Strategy for Crop Production Firm in Sustainable Agriculture


There are countless scenarios that require Restructuring. Fortune 500 companies typically bring on global consulting firms, like McKinsey, BCG, Bain, Deloitte, and Accenture, or boutique consulting firms specializing in Restructuring to thoroughly analyze their unique business challenges and competitive situations. These firms provide strategic recommendations based on consulting frameworks, subject matter expertise, benchmark data, best practices, and other tools developed from past client work. Let us analyze the following scenario.

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Consider this scenario: The organization, a leading crop production firm in the sustainable agriculture sector, is undergoing significant restructuring to address a 20% decline in profitability due to increased production costs and market saturation.

Externally, the organization faces challenges from volatile commodity prices and a shift in consumer preferences towards organic and non-GMO products, which has led to a 15% loss in market share over the past two years. Internally, the company struggles with outdated farming technologies and processes, contributing to inefficiencies and high operational costs. The primary strategic objective of the organization is to implement a comprehensive restructuring plan to improve operational efficiency, reduce costs, and regain market share by capitalizing on the growing demand for sustainable and organic products.



This crop production company's recent profitability challenges are likely rooted in its slow adaptation to market trends towards sustainable and organic products and the high cost of maintaining outdated technologies. Market dynamics suggest that a shift in strategic focus and operational overhaul could unlock new growth avenues.

Strategic Analysis

The sustainable agriculture industry is experiencing rapid growth, driven by increasing consumer demand for organic and environmentally friendly products. However, this growth also attracts new entrants and intensifies competition.

  • Internal Rivalry: High, with both traditional and new sustainable crop production companies competing for market share.
  • Supplier Power: Moderate, due to the availability of alternative suppliers for organic seeds and natural fertilizers.
  • Buyer Power: High, as consumers have a wide array of choices and are becoming more price-sensitive and quality-oriented.
  • Threat of New Entrants: High, given the lower barriers to entry in certain segments of the sustainable agriculture market.
  • Threat of Substitutes: Moderate, with traditional agricultural products still posing a threat but losing ground to sustainable alternatives.

  • Increasing consumer demand for organic produce creates opportunities for market expansion and diversification but requires significant investment in certification and compliance.
  • Technological advancements in sustainable farming practices offer the chance to reduce costs and improve yields but necessitate upfront capital and expertise.
  • Regulatory changes favoring sustainable agriculture present opportunities for competitive advantage but require agility in compliance and operations.

PESTLE analysis indicates that political support for sustainable agriculture is growing, technological advancements in organic farming are accelerating, and socio-cultural shifts towards healthier lifestyles are influencing consumer behavior. However, economic uncertainties and legal requirements for organic certification pose challenges.

Learn more about Competitive Advantage Consumer Behavior Agriculture Industry Strategic Analysis

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Internal Assessment

The company has established a strong market presence in the sustainable agriculture sector but is hindered by operational inefficiencies and outdated technology.

SWOT Analysis

Strengths include a solid brand reputation and a loyal customer base in the sustainable market. Opportunities lie in expanding product lines and entering new markets with high demand for organic products. Weaknesses are evident in operational inefficiencies and reliance on outdated technology, which contribute to high production costs. Threats include increasing competition and fluctuating commodity prices that impact profitability.

Value Chain Analysis

Analysis of the value chain reveals inefficiencies in procurement and production processes. Streamlining these areas through technology adoption and process improvements can significantly reduce costs and enhance product quality. The company excels in marketing and distribution, leveraging its strong brand to maintain a competitive edge.

Resource-Based View Analysis

The company's key resources include its brand reputation, customer loyalty, and knowledge of sustainable agriculture practices. However, to maintain its competitive advantage, the company must invest in technology and innovation, focusing on areas that directly contribute to efficiency and product differentiation.

Learn more about Process Improvement Customer Loyalty Value Chain

Strategic Initiatives

  • Operational Efficiency Improvement: This initiative aims to streamline production processes and reduce costs by adopting modern farming technologies and practices. The intended impact is to enhance profitability and competitiveness. The source of value creation comes from improved yield and reduced waste. This will require investment in new technology and training for staff.
  • Product Line Expansion: By introducing new organic and non-GMO products, the company can meet growing consumer demand and diversify its revenue streams. This initiative is expected to increase market share and customer loyalty. The initiative will require market research, product development, and marketing efforts.
  • Market Entry Strategy: Entering new geographical markets with high demand for sustainable products aims to expand the company's footprint and customer base. The value creation comes from accessing untapped markets and leveraging the company's strong brand. Resources needed include market analysis, regulatory compliance, and distribution channels.
  • Restructuring Operations: This initiative focuses on reorganizing the company's operations to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and better align with market demands for sustainable products. The expected outcome is a leaner, more agile organization. This will involve a review of current processes, roles, and structures, and may require investment in change management and training.

Learn more about Change Management Agile Market Research

Restructuring Implementation KPIs

KPIS are crucial throughout the implementation process. They provide quantifiable checkpoints to validate the alignment of operational activities with our strategic goals, ensuring that execution is not just activity-driven, but results-oriented. Further, these KPIs act as early indicators of progress or deviation, enabling agile decision-making and course correction if needed.


A stand can be made against invasion by an army. No stand can be made against invasion by an idea.
     – Victor Hugo

  • Cost Reduction Percentage: Measures the effectiveness of operational efficiency improvements in reducing overall production costs.
  • Market Share Growth: Tracks the success of product line expansion and market entry strategies in capturing additional market share.
  • Employee Productivity: Gauges the impact of restructuring on workforce efficiency and morale.

These KPIs will provide insights into the strategic initiatives' effectiveness, allowing for timely adjustments and ensuring alignment with the overarching strategic objectives. Monitoring cost reduction will highlight operational improvements, while market share growth will indicate the success of expansion efforts. Employee productivity metrics will reveal the impact of restructuring on the organization's internal capabilities.

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Learn more about Flevy KPI Library KPI Management Performance Management Balanced Scorecard

Restructuring Deliverables

These are a selection of deliverables across all the strategic initiatives.

  • Operational Efficiency Improvement Plan (PPT)
  • New Product Development Roadmap (PPT)
  • Market Entry Strategy Report (PPT)
  • Restructuring Framework (PPT)
  • Change Management Guidelines (PPT)

Explore more Restructuring deliverables

Restructuring Best Practices

To improve the effectiveness of implementation, we can leverage best practice documents in Restructuring. These resources below were developed by management consulting firms and Restructuring subject matter experts.

Operational Efficiency Improvement

The organization applied the Theory of Constraints (TOC) and Lean Manufacturing principles to the Operational Efficiency Improvement initiative. TOC is a methodology for identifying the most important limiting factor (i.e., constraint) that stands in the way of achieving a goal and then systematically improving that constraint until it is no longer the limiting factor. In the context of this initiative, TOC was invaluable for pinpointing bottlenecks in the production process that led to inefficiencies and high costs. Lean Manufacturing, on the other hand, focuses on minimizing waste within manufacturing systems while simultaneously maximizing productivity, making it an ideal complement to TOC in this strategic initiative.

Following the identification of the primary constraints using TOC, the organization implemented the framework through a series of steps:

  • Conducted a comprehensive analysis of the production process to identify bottlenecks that were causing delays and increasing costs.
  • Applied Lean Manufacturing techniques to streamline the identified processes, reduce waste, and improve overall efficiency.
  • Reallocated resources to areas with the highest potential for improvement, ensuring that the constraints were addressed and production could flow more freely.

Simultaneously, Lean Manufacturing principles were integrated into daily operations:

  • Implemented 5S methodology to organize the workplace efficiently, leading to improved worker productivity and safety.
  • Adopted Kaizen for continuous improvement, encouraging employees to contribute ideas for reducing waste and enhancing production processes.

The combined application of the Theory of Constraints and Lean Manufacturing led to a significant reduction in production costs and improved operational efficiency. Bottlenecks in the production process were effectively eliminated, and a culture of continuous improvement was fostered among employees, resulting in a more agile and cost-effective operation.

Learn more about Continuous Improvement Lean Manufacturing Theory of Constraints

Product Line Expansion

For the Product Line Expansion initiative, the organization utilized the Kano Model and the Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) framework. The Kano Model is a theory for product development and customer satisfaction which identifies different categories of customer preferences and how they impact satisfaction. This framework was particularly useful in identifying features that could differentiate the new organic and non-GMO products in the market. PLM, meanwhile, provided a holistic approach to managing the entire lifecycle of the product from inception, through engineering design and manufacture, to service and disposal. It was instrumental in ensuring that the new product lines were developed and launched efficiently and effectively.

The implementation of the Kano Model involved the following steps:

  • Conducted surveys and focus groups with potential customers to identify desired features and attributes for the new organic and non-GMO products.
  • Analyzed the data to categorize features into Kano Model categories (Must-be, One-dimensional, and Delighters), prioritizing development efforts accordingly.

PLM framework was applied in tandem to manage the product development process:

  • Established cross-functional teams to oversee the development of the new product lines from concept to market launch.
  • Utilized software tools for PLM to track progress, manage documents, and ensure compliance with organic certification requirements.

The strategic application of the Kano Model and PLM framework enabled the organization to successfully expand its product line with offerings that met and exceeded customer expectations. The new organic and non-GMO products were well-received in the market, contributing to increased market share and customer loyalty. The process also enhanced cross-functional collaboration and streamlined product development, positioning the company for future innovation.

Learn more about Customer Satisfaction Product Lifecycle

Market Entry Strategy

In formulating the Market Entry Strategy, the organization leveraged the Core Competence Model and the Strategic Alliance framework. The Core Competence Model, developed by C.K. Prahalad and Gary Hamel, helps organizations identify and leverage their unique strengths to enter new markets successfully. This approach was critical for understanding how the company's expertise in sustainable agriculture could be applied in new geographical markets. The Strategic Alliance framework was employed to establish partnerships with local entities, facilitating smoother entry into these markets by leveraging local knowledge and networks.

The Core Competence Model was deployed through the following actions:

  • Identified the organization’s core competencies in sustainable farming practices and how these could be adapted to meet the needs of new markets.
  • Assessed market requirements and regulatory environments in target locations to align the company’s strengths with market opportunities.

The Strategic Alliance framework was implemented by:

  • Identifying potential local partners with complementary strengths and shared values.
  • Negotiating alliances that allowed for shared risk and mutual benefits, including knowledge sharing, market access, and distribution networks.

The strategic use of the Core Competence Model and Strategic Alliance framework significantly facilitated the company’s entry into new markets. By focusing on its strengths and forming the right partnerships, the organization was able to minimize the risks associated with market entry and quickly establish a presence in new geographical areas, leading to increased brand visibility and market share.

Learn more about Core Competencies Core Competence Market Entry

Restructuring Operations

The Restructuring Operations initiative was supported by the application of the McKinsey 7S Framework and the Change Management Model. The McKinsey 7S Framework helped ensure that all aspects of the organization were aligned and mutually reinforcing, facilitating a comprehensive and effective restructuring process. This framework was crucial for diagnosing and understanding the organizational elements that needed realignment. The Change Management Model, particularly Kotter’s 8-Step Process, provided a structured approach to managing the human side of change during the restructuring, ensuring that the organization's workforce was engaged and supportive of the changes.

The McKinsey 7S Framework was utilized in the following manner:

  • Conducted a thorough assessment of the current state of the 7S elements (Strategy, Structure, Systems, Shared Values, Skills, Staff, and Style).
  • Identified misalignments and areas for improvement, particularly focusing on Systems and Structure to enhance operational efficiency.

Kotter’s 8-Step Process was applied to manage the change effectively:

  • Established a sense of urgency around the need for restructuring to improve operational efficiency and competitiveness.
  • Formed a powerful coalition of leaders to guide the restructuring and communicated a vision for change.
  • Implemented changes and generated short-term wins to build momentum and ensure the sustainability of the restructuring efforts.

The successful application of the McKinsey 7S Framework and Kotter’s Change Management Model led to a comprehensive and effective restructuring of the organization. This initiative not only improved operational efficiency and reduced costs but also positively impacted the company culture, increasing agility and alignment with strategic objectives. The changes were well-received by employees, who were actively engaged in the process, contributing to the initiative's overall success.

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Key Findings and Results

Here is a summary of the key results of this case study:

  • Reduced production costs by 15% through the application of the Theory of Constraints and Lean Manufacturing principles.
  • Increased market share by 10% following the introduction of new organic and non-GMO product lines.
  • Entered two new geographical markets, resulting in a 5% increase in overall brand visibility and customer base.
  • Improved employee productivity by 20% post-restructuring, enhancing operational efficiency and workforce morale.
  • Achieved a 25% reduction in process bottlenecks, significantly increasing production flow and output.
  • Generated a 30% increase in customer satisfaction scores with the launch of new product lines.

Evaluating the results, the strategic initiatives undertaken by the organization have largely been successful, particularly in reducing production costs, expanding market share, and improving operational efficiency. The significant reduction in production costs and process bottlenecks directly contributed to enhanced profitability and competitiveness, addressing the primary strategic objective. Market share growth and successful entry into new markets underscore the effectiveness of the product line expansion and market entry strategies, capitalizing on the growing demand for sustainable and organic products. However, the results also highlight areas for improvement. The increase in brand visibility, while positive, was modest, suggesting that the market entry strategy might have been more aggressive or better targeted. Additionally, while employee productivity improved, ongoing efforts to sustain and further enhance workforce engagement and efficiency are necessary. Alternative strategies, such as more focused market research to identify high-potential markets or the adoption of more advanced digital marketing techniques, could have potentially accelerated market penetration and brand visibility.

Based on these findings, the recommended next steps include a deeper analysis of market entry performance to identify and address gaps in strategy execution. Investing in advanced analytics and customer relationship management (CRM) tools could provide more insights into consumer behavior and preferences, supporting more targeted marketing and product development efforts. Furthermore, continuing to foster a culture of innovation and continuous improvement among employees will be crucial for sustaining productivity gains and competitive advantage. Finally, exploring strategic partnerships or acquisitions in key markets could accelerate market share growth and enhance the company's product portfolio.

Source: Restructuring Strategy for Crop Production Firm in Sustainable Agriculture, Flevy Management Insights, 2024

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