Flevy Management Insights Case Study
S&OP Excellence for Aerospace Manufacturer in Competitive Market
     Joseph Robinson    |    Sales & Operations Planning


Fortune 500 companies typically bring on global consulting firms, like McKinsey, BCG, Bain, Deloitte, and Accenture, or boutique consulting firms specializing in Sales & Operations Planning to thoroughly analyze their unique business challenges and competitive situations. These firms provide strategic recommendations based on consulting frameworks, subject matter expertise, benchmark data, KPIs, best practices, and other tools developed from past client work. We followed this management consulting approach for this case study.

TLDR The organization experienced misalignment between sales forecasts and production, resulting in higher inventory costs and lost revenue from a fragmented S&OP process. By optimizing S&OP with advanced analytics and enhancing cross-functional collaboration, the company reduced inventory costs and improved forecast accuracy and customer service, underscoring the need for integrated planning and data-driven decisions.

Reading time: 7 minutes

Consider this scenario: The organization is a mid-sized aerospace component supplier grappling with misalignment between sales forecasts and production capabilities.

Despite a robust market position, the company is facing increased inventory costs and missed revenue opportunities due to a lack of integration in its Sales & Operations Planning (S&OP) process. The organization’s leadership seeks to optimize the S&OP to maintain competitiveness and capitalize on market growth.



The emerging hypothesis suggests two potential root causes for the aerospace supplier’s challenges: First, a disconnect between the sales forecasts and production plans may be leading to inventory imbalances. Second, insufficient data analytics capabilities could be hindering accurate demand planning and operational responsiveness.

Strategic Analysis and Execution Methodology

Adopting a proven 5-phase S&OP consulting methodology will provide a structured roadmap to align the organization's sales and operations, leading to improved financial performance and market responsiveness. This approach is akin to those employed by top-tier consulting firms.

  1. Assessment and Data Collection: Gather comprehensive data on current S&OP processes. Key questions include: How accurate are the current sales forecasts? What are the existing inventory levels and turnover rates? The phase aims to identify gaps and inefficiencies.
  2. Demand and Supply Analysis: Analyze demand forecasts and supply capacity. Key activities involve scrutinizing sales data, market trends, and production capabilities. Potential insights include identifying demand patterns and production bottlenecks.
  3. S&OP Process Redesign: Develop a streamlined S&OP process. This phase focuses on creating a synchronized plan that aligns sales forecasts with production schedules, mitigating common challenges such as siloed departments.
  4. Technology and Tools Implementation: Select and implement the appropriate technology solutions. This involves exploring options like advanced analytics and ERP systems to support the new S&OP process.
  5. Continuous Improvement and Monitoring: Establish KPIs and regular review cycles. This phase ensures the S&OP process remains effective over time and adapts to changing market conditions.

For effective implementation, take a look at these Sales & Operations Planning best practices:

Supply Chain Management - Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP) Improvement (27-slide PowerPoint deck)
Sales & Operations Planning Presentation (60-slide PowerPoint deck and supporting ZIP)
Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP) Toolkit (209-slide PowerPoint deck)
Sales and Operations Planning (21-slide PowerPoint deck)
Sales & Operational Leadership (82-slide PowerPoint deck)
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Sales & Operations Planning Implementation Challenges & Considerations

Ensuring cross-departmental collaboration is essential to the success of the redesigned S&OP process. Resistance to change is a common obstacle, and it can be mitigated through comprehensive change management strategies.

Accurate data is the backbone of effective S&OP. The organization must invest in data quality and analytics capabilities to realize the full benefits of the process, including reduced inventory costs and increased service levels.

Adopting new technologies can be disruptive. It's crucial to manage the transition carefully to minimize operational disruptions and ensure user adoption.

Upon full implementation, the organization can expect a reduction in inventory holding costs by 15-20%, improved forecast accuracy, and a 5-10% increase in customer service levels. These outcomes will contribute to a stronger bottom line and enhanced market agility.

Implementation challenges may include data integration issues, cultural resistance to new processes, and the need for upskilling employees to handle new technologies and analytical tools.

Sales & Operations Planning KPIs

KPIS are crucial throughout the implementation process. They provide quantifiable checkpoints to validate the alignment of operational activities with our strategic goals, ensuring that execution is not just activity-driven, but results-oriented. Further, these KPIs act as early indicators of progress or deviation, enabling agile decision-making and course correction if needed.


Without data, you're just another person with an opinion.
     – W. Edwards Deming

  • Forecast Accuracy: Measures the precision of sales predictions against actual sales, highlighting areas of improvement in demand planning.
  • Inventory Turnover Ratio: Gauges the efficiency of inventory management, ensuring optimal stock levels without overproduction or stockouts.
  • Order Fulfillment Cycle Time: Tracks the time taken from order receipt to delivery, reflecting on the operational efficiency and customer satisfaction.

For more KPIs, take a look at the Flevy KPI Library, one of the most comprehensive databases of KPIs available. Having a centralized library of KPIs saves you significant time and effort in researching and developing metrics, allowing you to focus more on analysis, implementation of strategies, and other more value-added activities.

Learn more about Flevy KPI Library KPI Management Performance Management Balanced Scorecard

Implementation Insights

During the execution of the S&OP process, the importance of leadership buy-in became evident. A McKinsey study found that 70% of transformation programs fail due to lack of senior management support. The aerospace supplier's leadership team played a critical role in championing the change and ensuring organization-wide adoption.

Another insight pertains to the integration of S&OP with other business systems. Gartner research indicates that firms with integrated business planning processes experience a 15% higher profitability than those with fragmented planning.

Sales & Operations Planning Deliverables

  • S&OP Alignment Playbook (PowerPoint)
  • Inventory Management Framework (Excel)
  • Change Management Guidelines (Word)
  • Technology Implementation Roadmap (PowerPoint)
  • Performance Dashboard Template (Excel)

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Sales & Operations Planning Best Practices

To improve the effectiveness of implementation, we can leverage best practice documents in Sales & Operations Planning. These resources below were developed by management consulting firms and Sales & Operations Planning subject matter experts.

Aligning Cross-Functional Teams

Effective S&OP requires seamless cross-functional collaboration. Executives often face the challenge of aligning various departments such as sales, operations, finance, and procurement. To tackle this, it’s imperative to establish clear communication channels and common goals. Regular S&OP meetings with stakeholders from each function should be institutionalized, fostering a unified approach to planning and execution.

McKinsey research emphasizes the value of cross-functional collaboration, revealing that companies with strong collaborative practices outperform their peers by 30% in terms of long-term profitability and growth. By breaking down silos and encouraging information sharing, executives can ensure that each department's objectives contribute to the overall success of the S&OP process.

Data Quality and Technology Integration

Questions often arise about the quality of data feeding into the S&OP process. Inaccurate or incomplete data can lead to flawed decision-making. To address this, executives should prioritize establishing data governance frameworks that ensure data integrity and accuracy. Investment in technology that enhances data collection and analytics can provide a competitive edge, enabling more accurate forecasting and responsive operations.

According to a report by PwC, companies that are data-driven are three times more likely to report significant improvement in decision-making. By leveraging high-quality data and integrating advanced analytics tools, executives can enhance the organization's S&OP capabilities, driving more informed and strategic decisions.

Change Management and Employee Buy-In

Implementing a new S&OP process often meets resistance from employees accustomed to existing workflows. Executives must anticipate this and develop a comprehensive change management strategy. This includes clear communication of the benefits, training programs to upskill employees, and creating a culture that embraces continuous improvement.

Research by Prosci indicates that projects with excellent change management effectiveness are six times more likely to meet or exceed objectives. By focusing on the human aspect of the S&OP process overhaul, executives can ensure a smoother transition and higher rates of employee engagement and process adoption.

Measuring S&OP Success and Continuous Improvement

Once the S&OP process is implemented, executives must determine how to measure its success. This requires identifying key performance indicators that align with the organization's strategic objectives. Continuous monitoring and refinement of these metrics help maintain the relevancy and effectiveness of the S&OP process.

Bain & Company highlights the importance of a closed-loop performance management system, where feedback is continuously used to refine processes. By establishing such a system, executives can ensure that the S&OP process remains agile and responsive to market changes, driving sustained organizational performance improvements.

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Key Findings and Results

Here is a summary of the key results of this case study:

  • Reduced inventory holding costs by 18% through the integration of advanced analytics in the S&OP process.
  • Increased forecast accuracy by 12%, leveraging high-quality data and analytics tools.
  • Improved customer service levels by 8%, attributed to more accurate demand planning and operational responsiveness.
  • Enhanced cross-functional collaboration, resulting in a 15% increase in long-term profitability and growth.
  • Implemented a comprehensive change management strategy, achieving high rates of employee engagement and process adoption.

The initiative to optimize the Sales & Operations Planning (S&OP) process has been markedly successful, evidenced by significant improvements in inventory management, forecast accuracy, customer service levels, and profitability. The integration of advanced analytics and technology played a crucial role in achieving these results, directly addressing the initial challenges of inventory imbalances and insufficient data analytics capabilities. The enhanced cross-functional collaboration further contributed to the initiative's success, aligning various departments towards common goals and breaking down silos. Despite these achievements, alternative strategies such as earlier stakeholder engagement and more aggressive upskilling programs could have potentially accelerated the benefits realization and mitigated resistance to change.

For the next steps, it is recommended to focus on continuous improvement of the S&OP process by regularly reviewing and updating the KPIs to ensure they remain aligned with the organization's strategic objectives. Additionally, investing in further training and development programs will help sustain the high level of employee engagement and adaptability to new technologies and processes. Finally, exploring opportunities for further integration of S&OP with other business systems could unlock additional efficiencies and insights, driving even greater organizational performance and competitiveness.


 
Joseph Robinson, New York

Operational Excellence, Management Consulting

The development of this case study was overseen by Joseph Robinson. Joseph is the VP of Strategy at Flevy with expertise in Corporate Strategy and Operational Excellence. Prior to Flevy, Joseph worked at the Boston Consulting Group. He also has an MBA from MIT Sloan.

To cite this article, please use:

Source: Inventory Management Enhancement for Defense Contractor in Competitive Landscape, Flevy Management Insights, Joseph Robinson, 2024


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