Flevy Management Insights Case Study
Product Strategy Optimization for Wellness Apps in Digital Health


Fortune 500 companies typically bring on global consulting firms, like McKinsey, BCG, Bain, Deloitte, and Accenture, or boutique consulting firms specializing in Product Strategy to thoroughly analyze their unique business challenges and competitive situations. These firms provide strategic recommendations based on consulting frameworks, subject matter expertise, benchmark data, KPIs, best practices, and other tools developed from past client work. We followed this management consulting approach for this case study.

TLDR A leading digital health app experienced a drop in user engagement and subscription renewals due to market saturation and misaligned Product Strategy. By deploying an AI-driven personalization engine and optimizing features, the app boosted user retention by 25% and subscription renewals by 15%, underscoring the need for alignment with user expectations and market trends.

Reading time: 9 minutes

Consider this scenario: A leading digital health wellness app faces a strategic challenge in refining its Product Strategy amidst an increasingly saturated market.

Experiencing a 20% decline in user engagement and a 15% drop in subscription renewals over the past year, the organization confronts significant external pressures from emerging competitive apps and evolving consumer health trends. Internally, the company struggles with feature bloat and a misalignment between product offerings and user expectations. The primary strategic objective of this organization is to optimize its product strategy to enhance user engagement, streamline app features, and regain its competitive edge in the digital health wellness space.



The wellness app sector is at a pivotal stage of transformation, driven by the acceleration of digital health adoption and increased consumer focus on mental and physical well-being. However, this growth is not without its challenges, as companies navigate through an oversaturated market and rapidly changing consumer preferences.

Industry & Market Analysis

We begin our analysis by examining the forces that shape the competitive landscape:

  • Internal Rivalry: High, with a plethora of wellness apps vying for consumer attention and retention.
  • Supplier Power: Moderate, as the supply of digital content and technology platforms is abundant, but quality and innovation vary significantly.
  • Buyer Power: High, due to low switching costs and a wide array of alternatives available to consumers.
  • Threat of New Entrants: High, given the relatively low barriers to entry for creating basic app functionalities.
  • Threat of Substitutes: Medium, as alternative wellness solutions such as in-person therapy and fitness classes offer different value propositions.

Emerging trends include a shift towards personalized wellness experiences, integration of AI for customized health recommendations, and growing importance of data security and privacy. These trends indicate major changes in industry dynamics, presenting both opportunities and risks:

  • Personalization of wellness experiences: Provides an opportunity to differentiate and deepen user engagement, but requires sophisticated data analytics capabilities.
  • Increased focus on mental health: Opens avenues for expansion but demands high-quality, clinically validated content.
  • Integration of wearable technology: Offers a chance to enhance user experience and data collection, posing risks around data privacy and security.

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Internal Assessment

The organization possesses a strong brand and a loyal user base but is hindered by feature complexity and a lack of alignment with emerging wellness trends.

The McKinsey 7-S Analysis reveals misalignments particularly in Systems and Strategy, where the product development process is not fully aligned with the strategic focus on user engagement and wellness outcomes. Additionally, Skills in data analytics and AI are underdeveloped, limiting the ability to personalize user experiences effectively.

The SWOT Analysis highlights the company's strength in brand recognition and a committed user community. Opportunities are identified in leveraging AI for personalized wellness plans and expanding into mental health offerings. Weaknesses include a bloated app feature set and gaps in AI capabilities. The primary threat is the intensifying competition from new entrants and established players expanding their wellness offerings.

The VRIO Analysis underscores that the organization's brand and user community are valuable, rare, and costly to imitate resources that provide a competitive advantage. However, the organization's current product strategy and technological capabilities are not organized to fully exploit these advantages.

Strategic Initiatives

Based on the insights from the industry analysis and internal capability assessment, the leadership team has defined the following strategic initiatives over the next 18 months :

  • Personalization Engine Development: Implement AI-driven personalization to enhance user engagement and satisfaction. This initiative aims to differentiate the app in a crowded market, expecting to increase user retention rates by 25%. It will require investments in AI technology and data analytics expertise.
  • Streamline App Features: Rationalize the app's feature set to focus on core wellness activities that drive the most value for users. This will improve user experience and operational efficiency, expected to reduce maintenance costs by 20%. Resources needed include product management and user experience design expertise.
  • Mental Health Module Expansion: Expand the app's offerings to include evidence-based mental health resources and tools. The goal is to address a growing user need and increase subscription renewals by 15%. This initiative requires clinical expertise, partnership with mental health professionals, and content development resources.

Product Strategy Implementation KPIs

KPIS are crucial throughout the implementation process. They provide quantifiable checkpoints to validate the alignment of operational activities with our strategic goals, ensuring that execution is not just activity-driven, but results-oriented. Further, these KPIs act as early indicators of progress or deviation, enabling agile decision-making and course correction if needed.


In God we trust. All others must bring data.
     – W. Edwards Deming

  • User Retention Rate: Critical for measuring the success of personalization and feature streamlining efforts.
  • Subscription Renewal Rate: Indicates the long-term value and satisfaction users derive from the app, including new mental health offerings.
  • Feature Usage Metrics: Helps identify which app features are most valuable to users, guiding future development priorities.

These KPIs will provide insights into user engagement and satisfaction, guiding iterative improvements to the strategic initiatives and ensuring alignment with user needs and business objectives.

For more KPIs, take a look at the Flevy KPI Library, one of the most comprehensive databases of KPIs available. Having a centralized library of KPIs saves you significant time and effort in researching and developing metrics, allowing you to focus more on analysis, implementation of strategies, and other more value-added activities.

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Product Strategy Best Practices

To improve the effectiveness of implementation, we can leverage best practice documents in Product Strategy. These resources below were developed by management consulting firms and Product Strategy subject matter experts.

Product Strategy Deliverables

These are a selection of deliverables across all the strategic initiatives.

  • AI Personalization Framework (PPT)
  • Feature Streamlining Plan (PPT)
  • Mental Health Content Strategy (PPT)
  • Implementation Roadmap (Excel)
  • Financial Impact Model (Excel)

Explore more Product Strategy deliverables

Personalization Engine Development

The development team adopted the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Kano Model to guide the development and implementation of the AI-driven personalization engine. The TAM, originally proposed by Davis (1989), was instrumental in understanding how users come to accept and use technology. In this case, it provided insights into the factors that influence wellness app users' acceptance of personalized features. The Kano Model, on the other hand, helped in categorizing features into must-haves, satisfiers, and delighters, ensuring that the personalization engine not only met basic user expectations but also introduced features that could significantly enhance user satisfaction.

Following these insights, the team:

  • Conducted surveys and interviews to gauge existing and potential users' perceived usefulness and ease of use of personalized wellness recommendations.
  • Identified must-have features that were essential for the app's operation and satisfiers that would increase user satisfaction, as well as potential delighters that could set the app apart from competitors.
  • Developed and iteratively tested the personalization engine, incorporating user feedback to refine ease of use and usefulness of personalized content.

The implementation of TAM and the Kano Model significantly improved the personalization engine's acceptance among users, leading to a 25% increase in user retention rates. The strategic initiative not only met basic user expectations but also introduced innovative features that delighted users, setting a new standard in personalized wellness experiences.

Streamline App Features

To streamline the app's features, the team utilized the Lean Startup Methodology and the Feature Audit framework. The Lean Startup Methodology, with its emphasis on build-measure-learn feedback loops, was pivotal in identifying which features to develop further, pivot, or discard. The Feature Audit framework complemented this approach by providing a structured method to evaluate each app feature's usage data against strategic objectives, ensuring that only the most valuable features were retained.

In applying these frameworks, the team:

  • Implemented short build-measure-learn cycles for rapid testing of feature changes and gathered user feedback on their impact.
  • Conducted a comprehensive feature audit, analyzing usage metrics against strategic objectives to identify underperforming or redundant features.
  • Systematically removed or combined features based on audit outcomes, focusing on enhancing the core value proposition of the app.

The application of the Lean Startup Methodology and Feature Audit framework resulted in a more streamlined and focused app, leading to a 20% reduction in maintenance costs. Users reported improved app usability and satisfaction, affirming the strategic initiative's success in enhancing user experience and operational efficiency.

Mental Health Module Expansion

For the expansion into mental health offerings, the team leveraged the Blue Ocean Strategy and the Value Proposition Canvas. The Blue Ocean Strategy, by creating uncontested market space, guided the team in identifying and developing unique mental health features that differentiated the app from competitors. The Value Proposition Canvas was instrumental in ensuring that these new features closely aligned with users' needs and pain points, creating a compelling value proposition for the app's target audience.

During this strategic initiative, the team:

  • Conducted a Blue Ocean Strategy analysis to uncover underserved areas within the mental health segment of the wellness market.
  • Utilized the Value Proposition Canvas to map out users' jobs, pains, and gains, ensuring the new mental health features effectively addressed users' needs.
  • Developed and launched a pilot version of the mental health module, incorporating user feedback for continuous improvement.

The successful implementation of the Blue Ocean Strategy and Value Proposition Canvas led to the introduction of innovative mental health features that captured significant user interest. This strategic initiative resulted in a 15% increase in subscription renewals, demonstrating the effectiveness of these frameworks in guiding the development of compelling new offerings in the digital health wellness space.

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Key Findings and Results

Here is a summary of the key results of this case study:

  • Increased user retention rates by 25% through the implementation of an AI-driven personalization engine.
  • Reduced maintenance costs by 20% by streamlining app features to focus on core wellness activities.
  • Achieved a 15% increase in subscription renewals by expanding into mental health offerings.
  • Identified and removed underperforming or redundant features, enhancing app usability and user satisfaction.
  • Introduced innovative mental health features that differentiated the app from competitors, capturing significant user interest.

The strategic initiatives undertaken by the digital health wellness app have yielded significant positive outcomes, notably in user retention, cost reduction, and subscription renewals. The 25% increase in user retention rates post-implementation of the AI-driven personalization engine underscores the value of leveraging advanced technology to enhance user engagement. Similarly, the rationalization of the app's feature set, resulting in a 20% reduction in maintenance costs, demonstrates the effectiveness of employing methodologies like the Lean Startup and Feature Audit to streamline operations and focus on value-adding activities. The expansion into mental health offerings, resulting in a 15% increase in subscription renewals, highlights the importance of continuously evolving the product offering to meet emerging user needs and market trends.

However, the initiatives were not without their challenges. The report does not explicitly mention the impact of these strategic changes on the acquisition of new users, which is a critical metric for sustained long-term growth. Additionally, the high intensity of competition and the rapid pace of technological change in the digital wellness space may dilute these gains over time if continuous innovation is not pursued. Alternative strategies, such as forming strategic partnerships with content creators or leveraging blockchain for enhanced data security and privacy, could potentially offer additional competitive advantages and should be considered for future strategic planning.

Given the results and the dynamic nature of the digital health wellness market, the recommended next steps should focus on sustaining the momentum gained from these initiatives. This includes investing in continuous improvement of the AI personalization engine to stay ahead of technological advancements, exploring partnerships or acquisitions to rapidly expand content offerings, particularly in emerging wellness trends, and doubling down on data security and privacy to build user trust. Additionally, a more aggressive user acquisition strategy, possibly through strategic partnerships or enhanced marketing efforts, should be considered to capitalize on the improved app experience and expanded offerings.

Source: Product Strategy Optimization for Wellness Apps in Digital Health, Flevy Management Insights, 2024

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