In their book "Managing Change for Competitive Success," Andrew Pettigrew and Richard Whipp distinguish between 3 Dimensions of Strategic Change:

1. Content of Change (objectives, purpose and goals)
2. Process of Change (implementation)
3. Context of Change (the internal and external environment)

The authors emphasize the continuous interaction among these change dimensions. This model proposes change should not be considered only in terms of the processes, but should also consider the historical, cultural, and political features of the organization. Successful change is a result of the interaction between the content or "what" of change; the process or "how" of change; and the organizational context or "where" of change.

Based on substantial empirical research, they also present 5 Central Interrelated Factors, which allow for successfully managing strategic change: Environment Assessment, Human Resources as Assets and Liabilities, Linking Strategic and Operational Change, Leading Change, and Coherence.

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