Commercial Bank Financial Model (Excel XLSM)

Commercial Banking Financial Model presents the case of a commercial bank with regulatory thresholds based on Basel 3. This commercial bank financial model template generates the three financial statements, calculates the relevant metrics for loans & deposits, loan losses allowance, returns on equity & assets, and interest margins, and performs a bank valuation based on the dividend discount model.

So, to give you a quick overview of the bank financial model template, please refer to the explanation of each tab below:

In the contents tab, you can see the structure of the banking financial model and by clicking on any of the headlines to be redirected to the relevant worksheet.

On the manual tab, you can feed the general information for the banking financial model such as: project title, responsible, the timeline of the model and date, and currency conventions.

Additionally, there is a description of the color-coding of the model in the same tab. Inputs are always depicted with a yellow fill and blue letters, call apps (that are direct links from other cells) are filled in light blue with blue letters while calculations are depicted with white fill and black characters.

There is also color coding for the various tabs of the bank financial model Excel. Yellow tabs are mostly assumptions tabs, grey tabs are calculations tabs, blue tabs are outputs tabs (that is effectively results or graphs) and finally, light blue tabs are admin tabs (for example: the cover page, contents, and checks).

So, moving on to the inputs, we start with the Balance Sheet Assumptions tab. In this tab, the user must fill the initial balance sheet assumptions for the first year (i.e. 2018). The balancing figure is the share capital for the first year. For the forecast years, a series of growth rates need to be filled such as gross loans, and other assets, as well as deposits. A percentage of loan assumptions regarding various debt instruments have to be filled as well as cash as a percentage of deposits. A series of other assumptions regarding CAPEX, existing assets, and goodwill impairment need to be updated. Finally, assumptions regarding Dividend Payout Ratio, Common Stock Issuance, and Repurchase, as well as Preferred Stock Issuance and Preferred Dividends need to be filled.

The next step is to proceed with the Income Statement Inputs tab. The user needs to populate the assumptions for the allowance provision, the charge-offs as well as the recoveries (all as a percentage of gross loans). Next, the interest rates for the interest-bearing assets need to be filled, as well as the interest rates for the interest-bearing liabilities, which will result in interest revenues and interest expenses respectively. Following these assumptions related to noninterest revenues and expenses need to be completed, the first year has a beginning balance and the forecast years a growth rate or a percentage margin. Finally, the tax rate assumption needs to be filled.

Moving on to the Regulatory Inputs, the Regulatory Capital Assumptions have already been prefilled based on Basel 3 thresholds (that's why these cells are grey). The capital conservation buffer has also been applied, but not the countercyclical buffer (but you can choose whether these 2 buffers are applied from the Yes or No dropdown list). Loan losses allowance for Tier 2 capital has been set to 50% but can be amended as well.

In case you have non-controlling interest, the qualifying percentage must be filled in as well. The regulatory capital assumptions are calculated below along with their respective ratios CET1, Tier 1, Total Capital, and Leverage Ratios). These ratios are checked against the regulatory requirements and an error will appear if these are below the thresholds. Regulatory Capital Surplus is calculated afterward as well as common dividends.

On the Calcs tab, all the calculations are performed according to the assumptions provided by the user. Firstly, the Balance Sheet Calculations are performed (assets, liabilities & equity, central bank funds, tangible assets, goodwill, CAPEX, and depreciation), then the income statement calculations are performed (interest revenues, interest expenses, provision allowance, noninterest revenue & expenses).

Based on the calculations performed in the Statements tab, the three financial statements are calculated (profit and loss, balance sheet, and cash flow). These financial statements are integrated therefore as long as the initial assumptions are provided, and the regulatory thresholds met or exceeded all statements will be consistent with each other.

Moving on, we have a simple cost of equity tab where a few assumptions need to be provided such as the risk-free rate, beta, equity market risk premium, and country-specific risk premium. In the valuation tab, a dividend discount model has been set up to come up with the equity value of the bank along with a sensitivity analysis with the growth rate to perpetuity and the cost of equity as parameters. In the Metrics tab, a series of metrics and KPIs are calculated regarding loans & deposits, loan losses allowance, returns on equity & assets, and interest margins.

Moving on to the next tab, we have a set of graphs that summarizes all the major KPIs of the business both from a balance sheet perspective as well as from an income statement and regulatory capital perspective.

Finally, in the last tab, various checks are performed and, or are aggregated here from the various worksheets. This tab ensures that everything in this bank financial model xls is working as it should. There are 2 types of error, the first one is "Model has errors", you shouldn't encounter this error since the initial balance sheet has already a plugged-in figure to balance the balance sheet (share capital). The second type of error which reads as "Model has errors – Regulatory Capital below thresholds" means that the bank financial model excel template is still working, but the equity of the bank is not enough to meet the regulatory thresholds.

Two options are available here: the first one is to decrease the growth rate of loans, and the second one would be to increase the equity through new stock issuance. The second option has already been modeled and you will need to enable macros for this. Once enabled and you see the second type of error you should go to the "Calcs" tab and press the "Close Reg. Cap" button. A macro will run and increase the common stock issuance to a level above the regulatory thresholds.